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Flying wedge football video8/14/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() Reading the research in chronological order was like listening to physicians and scientists conversing across time. In constructing a time line of how knowledge on head injuries evolved from the eighteen-seventies onward, he drew on more than a thousand primary sources, including medical-journal articles, textbooks, and monographs. He turned his attention to a vast archive of scientific and medical papers going back more than a century. Casper agreed to work for the hockey players. His dissertation explored the emergence of neurology in the U.K.-a history that included the study of shell shock and head injury in the First and Second World Wars. in the history of medicine from University College London. In essence, the legal team wanted a historian to tell them what science had known about head trauma, and when.Ĭasper, a history professor at Clarkson University, in upstate New York, had majored in neuroscience and biochemistry, worked in a lab studying dementia in mice, and earned his Ph.D. was being described as a shocking syndrome that had never been noticed in sports outside of boxing. ![]() A form of dementia called chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or C.T.E., had recently been posthumously identified in dozens of former pro football and hockey players diagnosable only through a brain autopsy, it was thought to be caused by concussions-injuries in which the brain is twisted or bumped against the inside of the skull-and by recurring subconcussive blows to the head. The lawyers, unusually, wanted to hire a historian. had failed to warn them about how routine head punches and jolts in hockey could put them at risk for degenerative brain damage. They were representing a group of retired hockey players who were suing the National Hockey League their suit argued that the N.H.L. In July, 2015, Stephen Casper, a medical historian, received a surprising e-mail from a team of lawyers. ![]()
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